LITERAL /CONTEXTUAL MEANING
OF QURAN 3: 149-151
(149. O you who believe! If you obey those who
disbelieve, they will send you back on your heels, and you will turn back as
losers.) (150. Nay, Allah is your protector, and He is the best of helpers.)
(151. We shall cast terror into the hearts of those who disbelieve, because
they joined others in worship with Allah, for which He sent no authority; their
abode will be the Fire and how evil is the abode of the wrongdoers.)
COMMENTARY
During the battle of Uhud, muslims were defeated
because they disobeyed Prophet Muhammed (SAW). Allah revealed these verses to
Prophet (SAW) to warn His believing servants against obeying the disbelievers
and hypocrites, because such obedience leads to utter destruction in this life
and the hereafter. Allah also commands the believers to obey Him alone, take
Him as their protector, seek His aid and trust in Him.
Allah next conveys the good news that He will put
fear of the Muslims, and feelings of subordination to the Muslims in the hearts
of their disbelieving enemies, because of the Kufr (disbelief) and Shirk
(polytheism). And Allah has prepared torment and punishment for them in the
hereafter.
FURTHER EXPLANATION FROM SAHIH HADITH
Al-Bukhari
recorded that Al-Bara' said, "We met the idolators on that day (Uhud) and
the Prophet appointed `Abdullah bin Jubayr as the commander of the archers. He
instructed them, `Retain your position, and if you see that we have defeated
them, do not abandon your positions. If you see that they defeated us, do not
rush to help us.' The disbelievers gave flight when we met them, and we saw
their women fleeing up the mountain while lifting up their clothes revealing
their anklets and their legs. So, the companions (of `Abdullah bin Jubayr)
said, `The booty, the booty!' `Abdullah bin Jubayr said, `Allah's Messenger
commanded me not to allow you to abandon your position.' They refused to
listen, and when they left their position, Muslims were defeated and seventy of
them were killed. Abu Sufyan shouted, `Is Muhammad present among these people'
The Prophet said, `Do not answer him.' Then he asked, `Is the son of Abu
Quhafah (Abu Bakr) present among these people' The Prophet said, `Do not answer
him.' He asked again, `Is the son of Al-Khattab (`Umar) present among these
people As for these (men), they have been killed, for had they been alive, they
would have answered me.' `Umar could not control himself and said (to Abu
Sufyan), `You lie, O enemy of Allah! The cause of your misery is still
present.' Abu Sufyan said, `O Hubal, be high!' On that the Prophet said (to his
Companions), `Answer him back.' They said, `What shall we say' He said, `Say,
Allah is Higher and more Sublime.' Abu Sufyan said, `We have the (idol)
Al-`Uzza, and you have no `Uzza.' The Prophet said, `Answer him back.' They
asked, `What shall we say' He said, `Say, Allah is our protector and you have
no protector.' Abu Sufyan said, `Our victory today is vengeance for yours in
the battle of Badr, and in war (the victory) is always undecided and is shared
in turns by the belligerents. You will find some of your killed men mutilated,
but I did not urge my men to do so, yet I do not feel sorry for their deed.'''
Only Al-Bukhari collected this Hadith using this chain of narration. cMuhammad
bin Ishaq said that, `Abdullah bin Az-Zubayr narrated that Az-Zubayr bin
Al-`Awwam said, "By Allah! I saw the female servants and female companions
of Hind (Abu Sufyan's wife) when they uncovered their legs and gave flight. At
that time, there was no big or small effort separating us from capturing them.
However, the archers went down the mount when the enemy gave flight from the
battlefield, seeking to collect the booty. They uncovered our back lines to the
horsemen of the disbelievers, who took the chance and attacked us from behind.
Then a person shouted, `Muhammad has been killed.' So we pulled back, and the
disbelievers followed us, after we had killed those who carried their flag, and
none of them dared to come close the flag, until then.''' Muhammad bin Ishaq
said next, "The flag of the disbelievers was left on the ground until
`Amrah bint `Alqamah Al-Harithiyyah picked it up and gave it to the Quraysh who
held it.''
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